Glossary

Active assailant incident: An event involving the use of a weapon, explosive device and/or vehicle which results in bodily injury and/or property damage and/or business interruption.

Banditry: Loosely organized criminal acts that are often focused on robbery, including kidnappings for financial gain. Crimes are often opportunistic rather than meticulously planned. Often operate in rural areas.

Blackmail: Extortion using the electronically stored personal information of a victim.

Detention: The holding of a victim against their will.

Disappearance: The mysterious disappearance of an Insured Person.

Express kidnap: The face-to-face kidnap of a victim with a ransom demanded from the victim directly.

Extortion: Threats to kill, injure, detain or damage property, if a ransom demand is not met.

Foreign civilian: Non-national in the country where the kidnap for ransom case took place.

Hijack: The holding of a victim in moving transportation.

Hostage crisis: The holding of a victim in the location of the incident, with specified terms demanded from them, their employer, or a third party.

Local civilian: Citizen of the country where the kidnap for ransom case took place.

Loss of earnings: Business interruption following an extortion, kidnap, detention, and/or hijack incident.

Kidnap for ransom: The abduction and moving of a victim with a ransom demand made to the employer or family members.

Organized crime: Highly structured criminal groups operating for profit, often use kidnappings as part of broader illicit activities, such as trafficking.

Piracy: The illegal boarding, seizure/hijack of a vessel, and holding captive of the vessel, crew and cargo.

Political/intercommunal: Groups driven by political motives or community conflicts, often targeting individuals from opposing factions for leverage or negotiation rather than for financial gain.

Terrorism: Groups designated as terrorist groups by the local government, often using kidnappings to spread fear, influence political outcomes, or fund their operations through ransom demands.

Threat: Threats to kill, injure, detain, or damage property(no ransom demand required).

Stalking: The harassment, following, spying or indirect contact of a victim.